Direct numerical control (DNC) can be defined as a manufacturing system in which a number of machines are controlled by computer through direct connection and in real time. The tape reader is omitted in DNC, thus relieving the system of its least reliable component. Instead of using the tape reader, the part program is transmitted to the machine tool directly from the computer memory. In principle, one computer can be used to control up to 256 machine tools. When the machine needs control commands, they are communicated to it immediately.
The system consists of following four components as shown in Figure 22.3.
Figure 22.3 General Configuration of DNC
- Central computer.
- Bulk memory, storage of NC part programs.
- Telecommunication lines.
- Machine tools.
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