Category: Review Of Rock And Fluid Properties
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Review of Gas Properties
Ideal Gas Law Relationships that describe the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) behavior of gases are called equations of state. The simplest equation of state is called the ideal gas law and is given by where p = absolute pressure V = total volume that the gas occupies n = moles of gas T = absolute temperature R′ = gas constant When R′ = 10.73, p must be…
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Fluid Saturations
The ratio of the volume that a fluid occupies to the pore volume is called the saturation of that fluid. The symbol for oil saturation is So, where S refers to saturation and the subscript o refers to oil. Saturation is expressed as either a fraction or a percentage, but it is used as a fraction in equations. The saturations of all…
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Isothermal Compressibility
The isothermal compressibility for a substance is given by the following equation: where c = isothermal compressibility V = volume p = pressure The equation describes the change in volume that a substance undergoes during a change in pressure while the temperature is held constant. The units are in reciprocal pressure units. When the internal fluid pressure within…
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Porosity
The porosity of a porous medium is given the symbol of φ and is defined as the ratio of void space, or pore volume, to the total bulk volume of the rock. This ratio is expressed as either a fraction or a percentage. When using a value of porosity in an equation, it is nearly always expressed…
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Review of Rock Properties
Properties discussed in this section include porosity, isothermal compressibility, and fluid saturation. Although permeability is a property of a rock matrix, because of its importance in fluid flow calculations, a discussion of permeability is postponed until in which single-phase fluid flow is considered.
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Introduction
As fluid from a reservoir is produced and brought to the surface, the fluid remaining in the reservoir experiences changes in the reservoir conditions. The produced fluid also experiences changes as it is brought to the surface. The reservoir fluid typically sees only a decrease in pressure, while the produced fluid will experience decreases in…