Category: Ground and Upper Floors

In this type of floors, to reduce the total weight of the floor hollow blocks of clay or concrete are used. In one type, the blocks are placed at 10 cm apart and in this space, mild steel bars are placed (Fig. 23.11). Suitable flooring at top and ceiling finish are provided. In order to…

Floors made from materials such as PVC, linoleum, rubber, etc., are called resilient floors. Resilient floors are sound proof and dust free and are used in libraries, offices, computer rooms, show room, etc. The three important resilient floors are: (i) PVC (Vinyl floors), Linoleum floor and Rubber floor, which are briefed below. 1. PVC Floor…

This type of floor is called as beamless slab floor. This flat slab floor is directly supported on columns without any intermediate beams. This type of floor is preferred where heavy loads are anticipated and where there is head room restriction. The columns supporting the floor are invariably circular in cross-section and tops of the…

In this type of floor, beams and slabs are designed as rectangular sections and the slabs are supported on beams. It is a monolithic construction both the beams and slabs are cast together. The beam used in monolithic construction is called a T-beam (i.e., a part of slab acts as a flange of the T-beam).…

For larger spans and heavy loading conditions RCC beam and slab construction is generally resorted to. This type of construction is commonly used for most of the important buildings (Fig. 23.8).

All modern buildings are invariably constructed with reinforced cement concrete. For small spans a simple RCC slab floor is generally suitable. For rooms, with the ratio of length of the room to its width is greater than 1.5, slabs are designed to span along the shorter width. That is, the main reinforcements are placed to…

Bricks and plain concrete can not be used directly as flooring system without proper strengthening. Either reinforcement can be provided or provision can be made so as to develop arch action. Rolled steel joists (RSJ) are used to build arches so as to form jack arch floorings. The arches have spares varying from 1.25 to…

Timber floors are used only in areas where more timber is available at reasonable cost. Further they are used for residential buildings where the span is less and load on the floor is less. The floors may be of single joist, double joist or triple joist. Joists of floors should be strong enough and not…

Upper floors should be strong to take heavy loads, should have sound insulation and fire resistance and also have a good wearing resistance. The upper floors are generally classified based on the materials of construction arrangement of beams and girders or materials used. Commonly used floors are explained below.

Timber flooring is not generally preferred for ground floors. If it is used as a ground floor, the prevention of dampness is most important. Timber floorings can be provided in any one of the following methods. Strip flooring consists of narrow and thin strips of wood jointed to each others by tongue and groove joint.…