Category: Building Finishes

Distempers are available both in powder (dry distempers) or paste forms (oil bound distempers). Dry distempers consist of 90–95% of whiting and 5–10% of glue. Oil bound distempers are made by grinding pigments with a medium composed of an emulsion of a drying oil in water. Linseed or tung oil is used. Vehicle for distempers…

The building units other than wood, aluminium and iron, other structurally finished surfaces are given a final finish to improve the appearance by using white/colour washing or distempering. Pure lime or fat lime is slaked first and the required quantity of water is added to make the solution. The solution should have a milky consistency…

The surface of wood work is then stopped, that is done using hot weak glue size. This fill enables the pores get filled. After the surface is dried it is once again be rubbed and smoothened by sand paper. Over this smoothened surface varnish is applied in thin coats. Additional required coats are given once…

The roughness of wooden surfaces is removed using sand paper of suitable grades. Then fine grained sand paper is used to smoothen the surface. The smoothened surface is cleared thoroughly before the application of varnish. Process of treating knots is done as done in painting.

Varnish is primarily used only for wood work. For decoration purposes it is also used on stone facings.

In wood work a primary coating is applied to the entire surface to be treated. This gives a hard and opaque covering. After drying the surface is smoothened by rubbing with pumice stone or sand paper. Successive coats with the chosen paint is given one after the other, after the previous coat has dried. Generally…

It is the process by which the surface is cleaned to take an optimum paint. In wood work knots should be avoided as there is a possibility of resinous material coming out of them. If knots are inevitable they are property smoothened by paint knoting or lime knoting application or hot read lead. In case…

Paints are applied as a final finish to all surfaces such as walls, ceilings, wood work, metal work, etc. Paints are classified based on different norms, viz., based on media, based on utilization, etc. Some of the common paints in use are: oil paints, cement paints, synthetic rubber paints and emulsion paints.

Following procedure is followed to perform the pointing work: 26.3.3 Types of Pointing Different types of pointing are in use. The choice of a particular type of pointing depends on the type of masonry and the effect required. Usual types of pointing are explained below. 1. Flush Pointing This type of pointing is formed by…

Pointing may be carried out either in lime mortar or cement mortar. In lime mortar, lime and sand are mixed in equal volumes. These two materials are ground carefully in a mortar mill. Cement mortar also is of equal proportion of cement and sand. In both the cases the sand used should be clean, fine…