Biodiesel is produced from oils or fats using transesterification and is a liquid similar in composition to fossil/mineral diesel. Chemically, it consists mostly of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). Feedstocks for biodiesel include animal fats, vegetable oils, soya, rapeseed, jatropha, mahua, mustard, flax, sunflower, palm oil, hemp, field pennycress, pongamia pinnata, and algae. Pure biodiesel (B100) is the lowest emission diesel fuel. Although LPG and hydrogen have cleaner combustion, they are used to fuel much less efficient petrol engines and are not as widely available.
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