Author: haroonkhan

Locomotive boiler is a fire tube, horizontal, multitubular, natural circulation, movable, artificial draught, internal fired boiler. It meets the fluctuating demand of steam; its chimney height is very short. Artificial draught is created by supplying steam. It is generally used in steam engine. The functions of all the mountings and accessories are discussed in a…

Babcock and Wilcox boiler is a water tube, horizontal, multitubular, external fired boiler. It covers wide range of pressures compared to fire tube boilers. It has steam generating capacity from 20,000 to 40,000 kg/h. It operates at an average 20–22 bar but it can be operated at maximum 40–42 bar. Its tubes are inclined at…

It is fire tube, multitubular, internal fired, and vertical boiler. Its maximum steam generation capacity is 3,500 kg/h. Its shell diameter and height are 2.75 m and 5.8 m, respectively. The fuel (coal) is fired on the grate in the furnace. The hot flue gas passes through the fire tube located in the water space…

A good boiler should have the following properties:

There are a number of models of boiler having different industrial applications. Boiler can be classified on the following basis: On the basis of contents inside the tube, boilers can be classified as fire tube boilers and water tube boilers. In fire tube boilers, flue gas passes through the tube and the heat of flue gas is absorbed…

Steam generators are combination of apparatus, which are used in power generation and supply of steam in various plants. Its main purpose is to transfer the heat produced by fuel to water; water is converted into different types of steam as per requirements, such as wet steam, saturated steam, and superheated steam. Steam generator is…

Mollier diagram is a graph between enthalpy and entropy. Various properties of steam can be shown graphically on this diagram. Natures of various lines are shown in Figure 4.9. A complete Mollier diagram is shown in Appendix I at the end of this book. Figure 4.9 Mollier Diagram

The properties of steam are pressure, temperature, volume, enthalpy, entropy, and internal energy. These values are determined experimentally and tabulated as steam table. Separate steam tables for saturated and superheated are used. If the temperature of steam is more than the saturation temperature it is known as superheated steam and the temperature difference of saturated…

A pure separating calorimeter suffers from a disadvantage that the steam passing out after water separation may not be completely dry or it may have higher dryness faction. Only in throttling calorimeter a high dryness fraction (93%) can be found. Thus, a combined separating and throttling calorimeter may be used to measure the dryness fraction…

Throttling calorimeter is a device used in determination of dryness fraction of steam. There is a sampling tube which is placed in steam main pipe. It consists of a hole facing upstream to get sample steam. The steam passes through the throttle valve and then flows into the inner cylinder. The main condition is that…