Author: haroonkhan

Sulphur The amount of sulphur in the fuel oil depends mainly on the source of the crude oil and to a lesser extent on the refining process. The normal sulphur content for the residual fuel oil (furnace oil) is in the order of 2–4%. The ranges of variation of sulphur in liquid fuels in percentage…

The calorific value is the measurement of heat or energy produced and is measured in terms of gross calorific value or net calorific value. Gross calorific value (GCV) assumes all vapour produced during the combustion process as fully condensed. Net calorific value (NCV) assumes the water leaves with the combustion products without fully being condensed.…

Diesel engines, developed by Rudolf Diesel, rely on the heat of combustion of the fuel. Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in an atomized spray at the end of the compression stroke after air has been compressed to 450–650 psi and has reached a self-ignition temperature due to compression of at least 500°C. This…

Kerosene is a refined petroleum distillate consisting of a homogeneous mixture of hydrocarbons. It is used mainly in wick-fed illuminating lamps and kerosene burners. Oil for illumination and for domestic stoves must be high in paraffin to give low smoke. The presence of naphthenic and especially aromatic hydrocarbons increases the smoking tendency. A ‘smoke point’…

Petroleum Petroleum means ‘rock oil’, as it is found underground in porous rocks. It is often used synonymously for ‘crude oil’, ‘crude petroleum‘ or simply ‘oil’. Petroleum is a dark coloured liquid with the potential to release energy to generate heat through combustion and is the source of a wide range of industrial liquid fuels…

It ranges from 0.5 to 0.8%. Sulphur affects clinkering and slagging tendencies, corrodes chimney and other equipments such as air heaters and economizers, and limits exit flue gas temperature.

Proximate analysis indicates the percentage by weight of the fixed carbon, volatiles, ash, and moisture content in coal. The amounts of fixed carbon and volatile combustible matter directly contribute to the heating value of coal. Fixed carbon acts as a main heat generator. High volatile matter content indicates easy ignition of fuel. The ash content…

There are two methods for coal analysis—ultimate and proximate analysis. The ultimate analysis determines all solid or gaseous coal components, and the proximate analysis determines only the percentage of carbon, volatile matter, moisture, and ash.

There are two methods for coal analysis—ultimate and proximate analysis. The ultimate analysis determines all solid or gaseous coal components, and the proximate analysis determines only the percentage of carbon, volatile matter, moisture, and ash.

Any material that can be burned to release thermal energy is called a fuel. Most familiar fuels consist primarily of hydrogen and carbon, called hydrocarbon fuels. Hydrocarbon fuels exist in all phases; some examples are coal, gasoline, and natural gas. Fuels are the materials which ignite in presence of oxygen and produce heat. The heat…