Author: haroonkhan

If the rate of energy flow for forming is high, it is known as high energy rate forming. Energy used may be chemical, magnetic, electro discharge, etc. High energy rate forming operation is performed in very less time. Explosive forming, electrohydraulic forming, and electromagnetic forming are the examples of high energy rate forming.

Like bar drawing, tube drawing is accomplished in most cases with the use of draw bench. Fixed mandrel (Figure 21.9a) is most commonly used to control the tube’s internal diameter; Figure 21.9b uses floating mandrel which adjust itself to the correct position because of its stepped contour; cylindrical mandrel (Figure 21.9c) is usually used for small-sized tubing,…

An important difference between the bar drawing and wire drawing is that the bars must remain straight. The length of the bar which can be drawn is limited by the maximum travel of the carriage, which may be from 50 to 100 ft. The first operation, preliminary to drawing is the pointing of the bars…

Wire drawing is a process to produce a small diameter wire from billet by applying tensile force. A leading end of a wire to be drawn is pointed in a rotary swaging machine or by some other means. The point is then inserted through the die then properly gripped and pulled sufficiently by a suitable…

It is essentially a cold process which is mostly used for making collapsible medicine tubes, tooth paste tubes, shaving cream tubes, and food canes from more ductile metals such as zinc, lead, tin, aluminium, copper, etc. During the process, the billet is placed in a die cavity and is given a strong single blow through…

Cold extrusion is carried out at room temperature. Because of the large forces required in extrusion, most metals are extruded hot where the deformation resistance of metal is low. At the same time strain hardening is also eliminated in hot extrusion.

In a hot extrusion the metal billet is heated up to plastic state and put into a cylinder and it is forced to flow through the opening of a die. On the basis of direction of flow of the metal with respect to direction of the force applied, hot extrusion is divided into two classes—forward…

Extrusion is a primary shaping process in which a metal kept in a cylinder is forced to pass through the opening of a die. The metal is subjected to plastic deformation and it undergoes reduction and elongation during extrusion. There are two types of extrusion—hot extrusion and cold extrusion.