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Author: haroonkhan

  • CONCEPT OF FRAMED STRUCTURES

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    by

    haroonkhan
    in

    Principles of Framed Structures Framed structures are the structures which are formed by connecting a series of horizontal and vertical structural members in suitable positions. The framed structures primarily comprise of columns and beams. Columns are connected by beams at floor and roof levels. The floors are divided into rooms and passages of required sizes…

  • INTRODUCTION

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    haroonkhan
    in

    New technologies for vertical transportation and high socio-economic levels of urban growth have given room to tall buildings. Further, large-scale industrialisation and exhaustive land cost resulted in the expansion of building programme. Framed structures are comprised of series of frames with horizontal and vertical components. These framed structures concept are effectively used in the construction…

  • Quality of Concrete

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    by

    haroonkhan
    in

    For floor and roof slabs, it is desirable to use concrete of low shrinkage characteristics.

  • Spans

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    by

    haroonkhan
    in

    It is recommended to provide short spans for the floor slabs.

  • Slip Planes

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    haroonkhan
    in

    Smooth slip planes are provided between the roof slabs and brick walls. Because of this arrangement, cracks will be developed only at the re-entrant corners. These cracks can be easily covered after the complete construction is over. Figure 17.20 Expansion joint at foundation level Figure 17.21 Sliding joint

  • Sliding Joint

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    haroonkhan
    in

    Sliding joint is provided when one part of a structure has a tendency to slide over the other due to variations in temperature and moisture content. Figure 17.21 shows the details of a sliding joint at floor level.

  • Isolation Joint

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    haroonkhan
    in

    Isolation joint is similar to expansion joint but provided under the following conditions: Figure 17.18 Expansion at corner of walls Figure 17.19 Expansion joint at roof level

  • Expansion Joints

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    by

    haroonkhan
    in

    Providing horizontal and vertical expansion joints in walls helps to reduce the cracks to a considerable extent. Horizontal and vertical expansion joints absorb vertical and horizontal movement respectively. In general, expansion joints have to be provided for every 15 m. The sealant used for joints are natural or cellular rubber, bitumen, expanded plastics, coconut pith,…

  • Foundation Design

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    haroonkhan
    in

    Depending on the type of foundation soil, the foundation has to be designed and the supporting masonry walls should be designed with adequate stiffness. Such a design will help to control excessive shear of flexural stresses in the masonry.

  • Preventive Measures

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    by

    haroonkhan
    in

    Following are the preventive measures which could minimise the cracks in brick masonry.