Introduction

We presented de Broglie’s proposal that wave–particle duality works for matter in the same way it does for light. That is, although light usually behaves as an electromagnetic wave, it sometimes acts as a particle (photon). At the same time, while electrons mostly behave as particles in CRTs, they sometimes exhibit wave-like behavior. We also saw that recent experiments have demonstrated wave–particle duality in much larger and more massive objects than an electron, such as molecules of a fullerene compound incorporating 60 carbon and 48 fluorine atoms.