When we talk about software testing, most people imagine that it involves running a program on a computer. The term “dynamic testing” helps to clarify the situation. The test object has to be executable and is fed with input data before it is run. Because low-level test objects (component and integration tests) are not usually executable, dynamic testing requires use of a unit test framework (see figure 5-1).
The test object will usually use predefined interfaces to call other components, which are simulated by placeholders called stubs or mocks if the components themselves are not yet ready. Stubs simulate the input/output behavior of the components they represent.
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