A software system is usually composed of a number of subsystems, which in turn are made up of multiple components often referred to as units or modules. The resulting system structure is also called the systems “software architecture” or “architecture”. Designing an architecture that perfectly supports the system’s requirements is a critical part of the software development process.
During testing, a system has to be examined and tested on each level of its architecture, from the most elementary component right up to the complete, integrated system. The test activities that relate to a particular level of the architecture are known as a testing “level”, and each testing level is a single instance of the test process.
The following sections detail the differences between the various test levels with regard to their different test objects, test objectives, testing techniques, and responsibilities/roles.
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