Pig iron is the basic material from which wrought iron and steel are manufactured. They are extracted from iron ores, viz., magnetite, haematite, limonite and siderite. The percentage of iron content, and their chemical formula are given in Table 11.1. Pig iron is extracted from these ores in a continuous working furnace called the blast furnace. The product obtained from the blast furnace is crude and is an impure form of iron.
Table 11.1 Iron ores and percentage of iron content
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