Many countries are trying to adopt advanced monitoring techniques facilitated through IoT. However, IoT opportunities are stopped by the governments of different countries as they are investing more on crop productivity improving methods.
India: Agriculture is the backbone of India. IoT policies are focused on agriculture to strengthen the Indian economy all over the world. In 2015, the ministry of communication and information technology released a policy on IoT which states that IoT has the potential to automate the agriculture industry and transform the digital landscape (http://meity.gov.in).
Australia: In Sydney, the government of Australia invested over AU$134 million to strengthen the farming and IoT technology for smart farming. Due to privacy and security reasons in 2015, American Bureau took over the farm data (http://www.agriculture.gov.au/).
China: To enhance the profitability using IoT in the field of agriculture the 13th five-year plan was launched by China in 2015. Multiple products and technologies, including 426 applications in 8 provinces, were launched by a project. To transform the agriculture in a more efficient and innovative way, Huawei Company launched an App named NB-IoT. It provides cost-effective agriculture solutions without using gateway implementations like cellular network. Due to its special features like wide area coverage, a number of connections were able to solve the agriculture data issues (http://mit-insights.my/).
Malaysia: Two policies were made in this country before and after independence, that is, one during 1948–1957 and another during 1957–2020 (http://ap.fftc.agnet.org). The main theme of the policies was to eradicate the poverty and enhance crop productivity. Malaysian Institute of Microelectronic System (MIMOS) developed several solutions for developing the agriculture. To collect the environmental data a sensor named Mi-MSCANT pH was developed. The MIMOS developed a framework to integrate the traders, suppliers and unified agriculture producers. WSN and micro-electro mechanical system are able to collect the environmental data automatically (http://mit-insights.my/).
USA: Millions of dollars have been invested in generating the new agricultural technologies to meet the requirements of food and energy. National Institute of Food and Agriculture created a sensing technology for smart farming practices through the project named “Internet-of-Ag-Things”. This project is based on precision technology to improve the agriculture industry’s efficiency through utilizing fertilizers, organic food and water resources (https://reeis.usda.gov). A dataset was developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture for water management challenges and issues that are affecting the agriculture. The experts are using this dataset to develop the solutions for different agricultural problems.
Thailand: The National Electronics and Computer Technology Center of Thailand focuses on agriculture products like cassava, rice, rubber and sugar by applying latest IT technologies (https://www.nectec.or.th/en/). The main aim is to help the rural farmers of Thailand to increase the agriculture products (DTAC Debuts, 2019). An IoT-based irrigation control system was developed by Faculty of Science and Technology of Thailand University to present advanced water cycle timing. In 2015, a smart farm service named Farm D Asia was launched to boost the productivity of agriculture along with leadership products. The same department developed a pesticide drone that covers up to eight acres of land in its one flight. Agricultural System Integrator program was launched by the National Science and Technology Development Agency for farmers to make the smart farms successful.
France: The Agriculture Innovation project 2025 includes the ministry of agriculture (France). This project’s goal is to create the incubators for improving agriculture fields, monitoring the climatic conditions and strengthen the agricultural land. The ministry gave its permission to share the data with farmers to find new solutions for agriculture problems in the fields (http://agriculture.gouv.fr). The Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) gives support to French agriculture monitored by European Union. Different agro projects on ecology were included in the next 5-year plan in the new CAP frame.
Ireland: A program was developed by Irish Farmer’s Association especially for the farmers to make them aware of water and energy conserving methods and soil fertility improvement technologies (Ojha et al., 2015). Over 8700 euros were saved by the companies. Besides, there was an increase of 47% in profit due to soil fertility and 10% drop in greenhouse gas emission and 21% of pasture management was achieved by following the instructions given to farmers. In 2016, Ireland VT-Network launched SigFox network to provide a solution for farm asserts, tracking security sensors (https://vt-iot).
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